How to place Order via FIX message?

C#, CodeProject, DotNet, FIX 6 Minutes

Purpose

The purpose of this post is to walk-through implementation to “Place an Order on via FIX message channel”.

In my previous posts, I have shown basic implementation of FIX messages like Establish connection with broker/exchange Fix End points, Consume Market Feeds etc.

You can read my previous posts about topics mentioned above:

This post will cover following topics:

  • Different types of Orders.
  • Orders Validity
  • Order workflow.
  • Place Order
  • What is Execution Report?
  • Process Execution Report.

Order Types:

  • Market Order: This is basic type of order; wherein, trader buy or sell at market price without specifying desired buy or sell price.
  • Limit Order: It is an order to buy or sell at a specified price. A limit buy order can execute at specified buy price or lower. A limit sell order can execute at specified price or higher. In this order, trader has to specify price before placing an order.
  • Stop Order: It is similar to market order which execute when specific price triggers. For example, if the market price is 150, a trader places a buy stop order with a price of 60, when price would move 160 or above, this order will become market order and execute at best available price. This type order can be used for Take-Profit and Stop-Loss.
  • Stop Limit Order: This is a combination of stop order and limit order, like stop order, it is only processed if the market reaches a specific price, but it is executed limit order, therefore it will only get filled at the chosen or a better price. For example, if the current price is 150, a trader might place a buy stop limit order with a price of 160. If the market trades at 160 or above, this order will execute as limit order to get filled at 160. However, it might happen that this order may not fill if there is not depth available.

Detail description of each order types can be read on investopedia.

Order Validity

In addition to specify order types, trades can also specify validity of an order for how long particular order is valid. Order would be cancelled after expiry.

Traders can specify following validity of an order:

  • Day: Order is only valid till end of the market session.
  • GTC (Good till Cancel): Order is valid till trader manually cancels it. However, brokers might have max timeline to cancel orders automatically if order is beyond certain days, typically 30, 60 or 90 days.
  • GTD (Good till Date): Order is valid till end of the market session of specified date mention in this order.
  • IOC (Immediate or Cancel): Order should be partially/filled immediately while placing order; otherwise, it would be cancelled.
  • FOK (Fill or Kill): Either order would be fully filled or cancelled. This type of order would not allow any partial fills.

FIX Order workflow

OrderFlow

 

 

 

 

 

What is Execution Report?

It is FIX message which broker side sent in response to order request. Broker side relays status of an order, and there can be multiple Execution Reports for a single order. Execution reports can have following status and information:

Order Status

Order Status Description
Done for Day Order did not fully or partially filled; no further executions are pending for the trading day.
Filled Order completely filled; no remaining quantity.
Suspended Order has been placed in suspended state at the request of the client.
Canceled Canceled order with or without executions.
Expired Order has been canceled in broker’s system due to order validity (Time In Force) instructions.
Partially Filled Outstanding order with executions and remaining quantity.
Replaced Replaced order with or without executions
New Outstanding order with no executions
Rejected Order has been rejected by broker. NOTE: An order can be rejected subsequent to order acknowledgment, i.e. an order can pass from New to Rejected status.
Pending New Order has been received by brokers system but not yet accepted for execution. An execution message with this status will only be sent in response to a Status Request message.
Accepted Order has been received and is being evaluated for pricing.

Important Fields 

Field Description
ClOrderId Unique key of an order requested by client.
OrderId Unique key generated by broker/exchange for an order.
ExecID Unique key of each execution report message.
Account Account number on which order was placed.
OrdType Type of Order e.g. Market , Limit
Price Ordered Price specified to buy or sell
Side Side of an order (buy or Sell)
Symbol Symbol name of instrument on which order placed.
SecurityId InstrumentID
LastPx Orderd executed on this price.
LastQty Traded quantity in each fill
LeavesQty Remaining Qty of an order. It is zero when order is fully filled.
CumQty Total Traded Quantity

Implementation

Technology/Tools Used:

I have downloaded FIX UI Demo code from QuickFix/n Git hub location to save some time. This sample code already has connection and order routines. I will do further changes to show various use cases of order work flow with FIX 4.4 specification. I have also added FIXAcceptor component to process FIX messages locally.

Connect with FIX Acceptor

Click on connect button. Fix Initiator will send Logon message, which will be received by FIX acceptor and acknowledge it in reverse sending logon message.

Connect

Application is ready to place an order after connection is established.

Placing Order

Fix 4.4 supports “Single Order – New <D>” to place any single order by the client. You can find standard specification this message on any fix dictionary available online. However, message specification might differ from broker to broker.

You can see standard FIX messages/tags specification on FIXIMATE .

OrderTicket

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Create an object of “NewOrderSingle” class and set values to properties of class:

Code:

// hard-coded fields
QuickFix.Fields.HandlInst fHandlInst = new QuickFix.Fields.HandlInst(QuickFix.Fields.HandlInst.AUTOMATED_EXECUTION_ORDER_PRIVATE);
// from params
QuickFix.Fields.OrdType fOrdType = FixEnumTranslator.ToField(orderType);
QuickFix.Fields.Side fSide = FixEnumTranslator.ToField(side);
QuickFix.Fields.Symbol fSymbol = new QuickFix.Fields.Symbol(symbol);
QuickFix.Fields.TransactTime fTransactTime = new QuickFix.Fields.TransactTime(DateTime.Now);
QuickFix.Fields.ClOrdID fClOrdID = GenerateClOrdID();
QuickFix.FIX44.NewOrderSingle nos = new QuickFix.FIX44.NewOrderSingle(fClOrdID, fSymbol, fSide, fTransactTime, fOrdType);
nos.HandlInst = fHandlInst;
nos.OrderQty = new QuickFix.Fields.OrderQty(orderQty);
nos.TimeInForce = FixEnumTranslator.ToField(tif);
if (orderType == OrderType.Limit)
    nos.Price = new QuickFix.Fields.Price(price);

Process Execution Report

ExecutionReport

 

 

 

 

public void HandleExecutionReport(QuickFix.FIX44.ExecutionReport msg)
        {
        string execId = msg.ExecID.Obj;
        string execType = FixEnumTranslator.Translate(msg.ExecType);                Trace.WriteLine("EVM: Handling ExecutionReport: " + execId + " / " + execType);
        ExecutionRecord exRec = new  ExecutionRecord(                                msg.ExecID.Obj,                    
        msg.OrderID.Obj,                    
        string.Empty,
        execType,
        msg.Symbol.Obj,                   
        FixEnumTranslator.Translate(msg.Side));

        exRec.LeavesQty = msg.LeavesQty.getValue();        
        exRec.TotalFilledQty = msg.CumQty.getValue();                
        exRec.LastQty = msg.LastQty.getValue();
       }

FIX Acceptor

This is server side component which process messages from FIX clients and send response back to them.

Executor Class

This class is getting various methods callbacks once received FIX message from FIX Client.

public void OnMessage(QuickFix.FIX44.NewOrderSingle n, SessionID s)

This method will be called every time when “NewOrderSingle” message received.

I am simulating different status of an execution report. I have added 1 sec sleep time between each status change and can be clearly seen in UI.

public void OnMessage(QuickFix.FIX44.NewOrderSingle n, SessionID s)
 {
 Symbol symbol = n.Symbol;
 Side side = n.Side;
 OrdType ordType = n.OrdType;
 OrderQty orderQty = n.OrderQty;
 Price price = new Price(DEFAULT_MARKET_PRICE);
 ClOrdID clOrdID = n.ClOrdID;
 
 switch (ordType.getValue())
 {
 case OrdType.LIMIT:
 price = n.Price;
 if (price.Obj == 0)
 throw new IncorrectTagValue(price.Tag);
 break;
 case OrdType.MARKET: break;
 default: throw new IncorrectTagValue(ordType.Tag);
 }

// Send Status New
 SendExecution(s, OrdStatus.NEW, ExecType.NEW, n, n.OrderQty.getValue(), 0, 0, 0, 0);
 Thread.Sleep(1000);
 
 // Send Status Partially Filled
 decimal filledQty = Math.Abs(Math.Round(n.OrderQty.getValue() / 4, 2));
 decimal cumQty = filledQty;
 SendExecution(s, OrdStatus.PARTIALLY_FILLED, ExecType.PARTIAL_FILL, n, filledQty, filledQty, price.getValue(), filledQty, price.getValue());
 Thread.Sleep(1000);

// Send Status Partially Filled
 filledQty = Math.Abs(Math.Round(n.OrderQty.getValue() / 4, 2));
 cumQty += filledQty;
 SendExecution(s, OrdStatus.PARTIALLY_FILLED, ExecType.PARTIAL_FILL, n, n.OrderQty.getValue() - cumQty, cumQty, price.getValue(), filledQty, price.getValue());
Thread.Sleep(1000);

// Send Status Fully Filled
 filledQty = n.OrderQty.getValue() - cumQty;
 cumQty += filledQty;
 SendExecution(s, OrdStatus.FILLED, ExecType.FILL, n, 0, cumQty, price.getValue(), filledQty, price.getValue());
 }

private void SendExecution(SessionID s, char ordStatus, char execType, QuickFix.FIX44.NewOrderSingle n, decimal leavesQty, decimal cumQty, decimal avgPx, decimal lastQty, decimal lastPrice)
 {

 QuickFix.FIX44.ExecutionReport exReport = new QuickFix.FIX44.ExecutionReport(
 new OrderID(GenOrderID()),
 new ExecID(GenExecID()),
 new ExecType(execType),
 new OrdStatus(ordStatus),
 n.Symbol, //shouldn't be here?
 n.Side,
 new LeavesQty(leavesQty),
 new CumQty(cumQty),
 new AvgPx(avgPx));

 exReport.ClOrdID = new ClOrdID(n.ClOrdID.getValue());
 exReport.Set(new LastQty(lastQty));
 exReport.Set(new LastPx(lastPrice));

 if (n.IsSetAccount())
 exReport.SetField(n.Account);

 try
 {
 Session.SendToTarget(exReport, s);
 }
 catch (SessionNotFound ex)
 {
 Console.WriteLine("==session not found exception!==");
 Console.WriteLine(ex.ToString());
 }
 catch (Exception ex)
 {
 Console.WriteLine(ex.ToString());
 }
 }

This post exhibits standard way of handling FIX messages; however, implementation can vary from broker to broker.

I hope, this post will give you good understanding of how order can be placed via FIX channel. I will cover order cancel and replace scenario in next post.

Source Code

Source code can be downloaded from github repository. Executable files are placed in separate folder.

Published by Neeraj Kaushik

With over 18 years of experience in the IT industry, I specialize in the Fintech sector as an Enterprise Solution Architect. My expertise lies in drafting solutions, managing stakeholder communications, and risk management. I have a working knowledge of various EA Frameworks such as TOGAF. I have a strong background in Continuous Integration & Deployment, Delivery, and DevOps solutions. I have successfully delivered numerous projects, from inception to delivery phases, and have extensive experience in high-performance, multi-threaded, low-latency applications and integrating heterogeneous systems. In the Capital Market sector, I have worked extensively with Trading Systems and BackOffice, developing algorithm trading tools, messaging frameworks, enterprise buses, and integrating with FIX or Non-FIX Compliant Liquidity Providers. I also have extensive experience with various investment products like Denmark Pensions, AktiesparKonto, UK ISA, PEA, PME, etc. I am proficient in building and practicing agile delivery methodologies such as SCRUM, TDD, Kanban. I have developed and designed solutions for MT4 Server plugins and APIs, real-time quotes, and orders integration with Liquidity Providers (FIX or non-FIX compliant). I have also collaborated with external vendors to communicate technology strategies and align expectations with the enterprise context. My technical skills include Solution & Technical Architecture, Application Integration (EAI), .NET Core, Microservices, Open API, KAFKA, Microsoft Technologies (C#, ASP.NET MVC, WCF, WinForms, WPF), DevOps, SQL Server, Oracle, JavaScript, Automated Unit Testing. My functional skills include working knowledge of Portfolio/Wealth Management, Equities, Fixed Income, Derivatives, Forex, Danish Pension, Pricing Systems, Market Data Management, Post Trade Processes: Bookkeeping, Settlement, Netting, Tax, Commissions, Corporate Actions Handling, and Reporting Solutions: OLTP and OLAP Data model designing.

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